5.藤黃 [g?m'b???]
Gamboge

Gamboge, also spelled camboge, can be used to describe the vivid yellows of autumn. The name of the color refers to a gum resin from Southeast Asian trees that is used as a yellow pigment and as a purgative. The resin is orange to brown in color but when pulverized turns bright yellow.
Gamboge（藤黃色），也寫作camboge，可用來形容秋天鮮艷的黃色。Gamboge指的是一種源自東南亞樹木上的樹脂膠。這種樹脂膠可以制作黃色顏料和瀉藥，顏色介于橙色和棕色之間，但制成粉末后呈明黃色。

Gamboge is based on New Latin gambogium, an alteration of cambugium, which is either from or akin to the Portuguese name for the country of Cambodia, Camboja. Cambodia also happens to be one of the countries in which the trees producing gamboge are indigenous.
Gamboge的原型是現代拉丁語中的gambogium（cambugium的變型），這個單詞和柬埔寨的葡萄牙語名Camboja非常相似，也可能就來源于此。而柬埔寨本土剛好就有這種樹脂膠的樹木。

6. Scarlet ['skɑ?l?t]
猩紅

Scarlet was not originally a word for a color but a name for a high-quality cloth, which is believed to have originated in Persia where it was called saqalāt. The word entered English via Anglo-French escarlet—a derivative of the Latin word for the cloth, scarlata—and became associated with bright red colors because the cloth was commonly dyed red.
Scarlet（猩紅）本來不是表示顏色的詞匯，而是一種優質布料的名稱。這種名為saqalāt的布料原產自波斯。英語中的scarlet由諾曼時代英國所用法語中的escarlet演變而來。而escarlet就是這種布料的拉丁文單詞scarlata的衍生詞。由于這種布料通常被染成紅色，scarlet也就和鮮艷的紅色聯系在一起。

Scarlet is a perfect descriptor for the bright reds of autumn.
用scarlet形容秋天的亮紅色再恰當不過。